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Difference between RESTful Web Services and SOAP Web Services
RESTful Web Services
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SOAP Web Services
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REST stands for REpresentational State Transfer.
SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol.
REST is not a protocol but an architectural style.
SOAP is a XML based messaging protocol.
REST does not enforces message format as XML or JSON or etc.
SOAP is XML based message protocol.
There is no specification for REST.
SOAP has a standard specification.
REST uses (generally) URI and methods like (GET, PUT, POST, DELETE) to expose resources.
SOAP uses interfaces and named operations to expose business logic.
Assumes a point-to-point communication model–not usable for distributed computing environment where message may go through one or more intermediaries.
Designed to handle distributed computing environments.
Unlike SOAP, REST does not has dedicated concepts for each of these. REST predominantly relies on HTTPS.
SOAP has a set of standard specifications. WS-Security is the specification for security in the implementation. It is a detailed standard providing rules for security in application implementation. Like this we have separate specifications for messaging, transactions, etc.
No constraints on the payload.
Payload must comply with the SOAP schema.
Related differences
GraphQL vs RESTful Web Services (REST API)
RESTful Web Services vs SOAP Web Services
RESTful Web Services (REST API) vs gRPC
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