面试题与答案

Server-side rendering involves rendering web pages on the server and sending fully rendered HTML to the client, providing better initial page load performance.

Microservices architecture involves developing a single application as a collection of small, independent services, each with its own database and functionality, communicating via APIs.

XSS is a security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. Prevention methods include input validation and output encoding.

CI/CD is a set of practices that automate the process of testing and deploying code changes, ensuring a faster and more reliable development workflow.

Design patterns are reusable solutions to common problems in software design. An example is the Observer pattern, where an object (subject) maintains a list of its dependents (observers) that are notified of any state changes.

SOLID is an acronym representing a set of five principles (Single Responsibility, Open/Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, and Dependency Inversion) that guide software design for maintainability and scalability.

An operation is idempotent if repeating it multiple times has the same result as a single execution. In HTTP, safe methods (GET) are idempotent, while unsafe methods (POST) may not be.

Reverse engineering tools help developers understand and analyze existing code or systems, facilitating code maintenance, optimization, and debugging.

Memoization is a technique to cache the results of expensive function calls and return the cached result when the same inputs occur again, reducing computation time.

Optimistic concurrency control assumes no conflict and allows transactions to proceed, checking for conflicts only at the end. Pessimistic concurrency control locks data to prevent conflicts until the transaction is complete.

WebAssembly (Wasm) is a binary instruction format that enables high-performance execution of code on web browsers. It allows running languages other than JavaScript in the browser for performance-critical tasks.

COOP is a security feature that controls how documents from different origins can interact. It helps prevent security vulnerabilities by isolating documents from different origins in a browsing context.