面试题与答案

Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment that executes JavaScript code server-side.

Example:

console.log('Hello, Node.js!');

npm (Node Package Manager) is the default package manager for Node.js, used to manage and distribute Node.js packages/modules.

Example:

npm install package_name

package.json is a manifest file that contains metadata about a Node.js project, including dependencies, scripts, and other project-specific configurations.

Example:

npm init

The 'global' object represents the global scope in Node.js. Variables declared in the global scope are available globally to all modules in the application.

Example:

global.myVariable = 'Hello';

The 'require' function is used to include modules in Node.js. It is the way to import functionality from other modules.

Example:

const fs = require('fs');

The 'os' module provides a way to interact with the operating system. It includes methods to get information about the operating system like CPU architecture, memory, and network interfaces.

Example:

const os = require('os');
console.log(os.totalmem());

The 'fs' module in Node.js provides file system-related functionality. It allows reading from and writing to files, manipulating file paths, and performing other file-related operations.

Example:

const fs = require('fs');
fs.readFile('file.txt', 'utf8', (err, data) => { /* handle file content */ });

The 'url' module provides utilities for URL resolution and parsing. It allows working with URLs, including parsing query parameters and formatting URL components.

Example:

const url = require('url');
const parsedUrl = url.parse('https://example.com/path?query=value', true);

The 'dotenv' module is used to load environment variables from a '.env' file into 'process.env'. It is commonly used in Node.js applications to manage configuration variables.

Example:

require('dotenv').config();